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Isolation Transformers
What is an isolation transformer?
Well it is a transformer that has the secondary windings, both electrically and physically isolated from that of the primary windings. However, what this also means is that it is magnetically coupled, but not electrically coupled. What is the reason for this? It is simply this, with line isolation the transformer now becomes that of a filter. The characteristics of this is that if there are any voltage spikes the transformer will greatly reduce the effect this would have on the load. You might even find that some of these transformers are set up with a ration of 1:1. What this does, is ensure that the voltage entering in, is going to be the same exiting out.
How the isolation transformer reduces these voltage spikes before it can reach the secondary winding is, because of the rise time of current through an inductor. As the current tries to increase, there is a increase in the magnetic field, this then produces a counter voltage that will oppose the applied voltage. Put simply the faster the current tries to increase, the greater the opposition to it will become. So by the time the spike gets transferred to the secondary coil it will either be eliminated or greatly reduced.
